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過去完了形

過去完了形は、過去のある行動が過去の別の行動の前に起こったことを示すために使われます。過去のイベントの明確な順序を確立するのに役立ちます。

過去完了形はhad + 過去分詞で構成されます。すべての主語（I, you, he, she, it, we, they）に同じ形を使います。

作り方

肯定文

過去完了形をhad + 過去分詞で作ります。短縮形（'d）は話し言葉では一般的です。

完全形短縮形
I had finished my homeworkI'd finished my homework
You had visited ParisYou'd visited Paris
He had already leftHe'd already left
She had cooked dinnerShe'd cooked dinner
It had rained all nightIt'd rained all night
We had seen that film beforeWe'd seen that film before
They had studied English for yearsThey'd studied English for years

否定文

'had'の後に'not'を加えて否定文を作ります。短縮形'hadn't'がよく使われます。

完全形短縮形
I had not finished my homeworkI hadn't finished my homework
You had not visited ParisYou hadn't visited Paris
He had not left yetHe hadn't left yet
She had not cooked dinnerShe hadn't cooked dinner
It had not rained all nightIt hadn't rained all night
We had not seen that film beforeWe hadn't seen that film before
They had not studied English for yearsThey hadn't studied English for years

はい/いいえの質問

'had'を主語の前に置いて質問を形成します。

例文：

  • Had I finished my homework before dinner?
  • Had you visited Paris before 2020?
  • Had he already left when you arrived?
  • Had she cooked dinner before the guests came?
  • Had it rained before we left?
  • Had we seen that film before?
  • Had they studied English before moving here?

疑問詞の質問

疑問詞で始めてから、had + 主語 + 過去分詞を使います。

例文：

  • What had I done before dinner?
  • Where had you visited last summer?
  • Why had he left early?
  • Who had she invited to the party?
  • When had it rained?
  • What had we seen before?
  • How long had they studied English?

使い方


練習問題


Quizzes for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the question set and will publish it as soon as possible.


Downloadable PDF


PDF versions for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the materials and will make them accessible as soon as possible.

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