過去形
Go to Practice Exercises過去形は、過去に完了した行動と状況について話すために使われます。英語で最も一般的に使われる時制の一つです。
過去形には、'be'動詞を使うかどうかによって異なる形があります。'be'動詞は過去に2つの形を持ちます（was/were）。他の動詞は、通常の過去形（-edで終わる）または不規則な過去形を使います。
作り方
'be'を使った肯定文
'be'動詞は過去形で2つの形を持ちます：'was'（I、he、she、itの場合）と'were'（you、we、theyの場合）。
| 主語 | 'be'動詞 |
|---|---|
| I | was happy yesterday |
| You | were at home last night |
| He/She/It | was tired after work |
| We | were students in 2020 |
| You (plural) | were late for the meeting |
| They | were friends at university |
| The film | was excellent |
'be'を使った否定文
'be'を使った否定文を作るには、was/wereの後に'not'を加えます。短縮形は話し言葉でよく使われます。
| 完全形 | 短縮形 |
|---|---|
| I was not there | I wasn't there |
| You were not ready | You weren't ready |
| He was not happy | He wasn't happy |
| She was not at the party | She wasn't at the party |
| It was not difficult | It wasn't difficult |
| We were not colleagues | We weren't colleagues |
| They were not pleased | They weren't pleased |
'be'を使ったはい/いいえの質問
'be'を使った質問を作るには、was/wereを主語の前に置きます。
例文：
- Was I late for the meeting?
- Were you at the concert last night?
- Was he angry about the decision?
- Was she your teacher?
- Was it expensive?
- Were we on the same team?
- Were they at home yesterday?
'be'を使った疑問詞の質問
疑問詞の質問は、疑問詞（who、what、where、when、why、how）で始まり、その後にwas/wereと主語が続きます。
例文：
- Where was I when you called?
- Why were you absent yesterday?
- Who was he with at the restaurant?
- How was she after the operation?
- What was it like in London?
- When were we supposed to meet?
- Where were they last weekend?
他の動詞を使った肯定文
他の動詞の場合は、過去形を使います。通常の動詞は-edを追加しますが、不規則動詞は特別な過去形を持ちます。
| 不定詞 | 過去形 |
|---|---|
| work | I worked late last night |
| play | You played football yesterday |
| go | He went to Paris last week |
| eat | She ate breakfast at 7 o'clock |
| finish | We finished the project on Friday |
| buy | They bought a new car |
| see | I saw that film last month |
他の動詞を使った否定文
否定文を作るには、'did not'（didn't）+動詞の原形を使います。
| 完全形 | 短縮形 |
|---|---|
| I did not work yesterday | I didn't work yesterday |
| You did not call me | You didn't call me |
| He did not go to school | He didn't go to school |
| She did not eat lunch | She didn't eat lunch |
| It did not rain | It didn't rain |
| We did not finish on time | We didn't finish on time |
| They did not like the food | They didn't like the food |
他の動詞を使ったはい/いいえの質問
質問を作るには、'Did' + 主語 + 動詞の原形を使います。
例文：
- Did I leave my keys here?
- Did you enjoy the film?
- Did he pass the exam?
- Did she call you yesterday?
- Did it work properly?
- Did we meet last year?
- Did they arrive on time?
他の動詞を使った疑問詞の質問
疑問詞で始めてから、'did' + 主語 + 動詞の原形を使います。
例文：
- Where did I put my phone?
- When did you move to London?
- Why did he leave early?
- What did she say?
- How did it happen?
- Who did we invite to the party?
- Where did they go on holiday?
使い方
練習問題
Download a printable quiz for offline practice. Each PDF is generated individually from our question bank, ensuring a new set of questions for every attempt.
Downloadable PDF
Download a printable quiz for offline practice. Each PDF is generated individually from our question bank, ensuring a new set of questions for every attempt.