現在完了形
Go to Practice Exercises現在完了形は過去と現在をつなぐために使われます。have / has + 過去分詞で作ります。ほとんどの動詞について、過去分詞はPast Simpleの形と同じです（例えば、play → played）。
スペルが変わる動詞もあります（例えば、study → studied）。多くは不規則です（例えば、go → gone、write → written）。不規則動詞の完全なリストは、下の関連レッスンで見つけることができます。
現在完了形の作り方
肯定文
肯定文を作るには、have / has + 過去分詞を使用します。
| 完全形 | 短縮形 |
|---|---|
| I have played | I've played |
| You have worked | You've worked |
| He has written | He's written |
| She has walked | She's walked |
| It has rained | It's rained |
| We have travelled | We've travelled |
| They have studied | They've studied |
否定文
否定文を作るには、have または has の後に not を加えます。
| 完全形 | 短縮形 |
|---|---|
| I have not eaten breakfast today | I haven't eaten |
| You have not been to Asia | You haven't been |
| He has not seen the new film | He hasn't seen |
| She has not played tennis | She hasn't played |
| It has not snowed this winter | It hasn't snowed |
| We have not slept all night | We haven't slept |
| They have not tried the food | They haven't tried |
はい/いいえの質問
質問を作るには、have / has を主語の前に置きます。
例文：
- Have I missed the bus?
- Have you visited London?
- Has he worked as a waiter before?
- Has she met John?
- Has it been cold this week?
- Have we arrived too early?
- Have they studied English grammar before?
疑問詞の質問
疑問詞の質問の場合、have / has の前に疑問詞を置きます。
例文：
- Where have I left my umbrella?
- What have you done today?
- Why has he gone already?
- Where has she been in the UK?
- Why has it rained so much this summer?
- What have we done?
- Where have they learned English before?
現在完了形をいつ使うのか？
用法に焦点を当てます： 現在完了形の使い方
練習問題
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