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Second Conditional ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•

Second conditional์€ ์˜์–ด์˜ ์ƒ์ƒ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ, ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์ƒํ™ฉ, ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์กฐ๊ฑด, ํ˜„์‹ค์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฟˆ์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” first conditional๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, second conditional์€ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์  ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์†Œ๋ง์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒ์ƒ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

if + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜• ๋’ค์— would + ๋™์‚ฌ ์›ํ˜•์ด ๋”ฐ๋ผ์˜ค๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ด ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์€ ํ˜„์‹ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค ๋…ผ์˜, ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ์š”์ฒญ, ์ƒ์ƒ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กฐ์–ธ, ๊ฟˆ์ด๋‚˜ ํ›„ํšŒ ํ‘œํ˜„์— ์™„๋ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ํ˜„์‹ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Second conditional์„ ๋…ํŠนํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์•ฝ์† ์—†์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณต๊ถŒ ๋‹น์ฒจ์„ ๊ฟˆ๊พธ๋“ , ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ์–ธํ•˜๋“ , ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ํ•˜๋“ , ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ ์ธ ์ธ์ƒ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋“ , ์ด ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์€ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ณ€์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์„ ์—ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Second conditional์„ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ •์ค‘ํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ณ€์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ˜•์„ฑ

๊ตฌ์กฐ

If + past simple (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•), would + ๋™์‚ฌ ์›ํ˜•

Past simple์€ ํ˜„์‹ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. would๋Š” ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

ํ‘œ์ค€ ํ˜•ํƒœ:

  • If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.
  • If she lived closer, we would see her more often.
  • If it was summer, we would go swimming.
  • If I had more time, I would learn to paint.

์—ญ์ˆœ:

  • I would travel the world if I won the lottery.
  • We would see her more often if she lived closer.
  • We would go swimming if it was summer.
  • I would learn to paint if I had more time.

ํŠน๋ณ„ ์ฐธ๊ณ ์‚ฌํ•ญ

๋ชจ๋“  ์ธ์นญ์— 'Were' ์‚ฌ์šฉ:

  • If I were rich... (๊ฒฉ์‹์ฒด)
  • If I was rich... (๋น„๊ฒฉ์‹์ฒด)
  • If he were here... (๊ฒฉ์‹์ฒด)
  • If she were taller... (๊ฒฉ์‹์ฒด)

์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ๋Œ€์•ˆ:

  • If I had money, I could buy it.
  • If she asked, I might help her.
  • If we tried harder, we should succeed.

ํ”ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜

โœ— "If I would have money, I would buy a car."

โœ“ "If I had money, I would buy a car."

if์ ˆ์—์„œ 'would'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” - past simple์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”

โœ— "If she comes tomorrow, I would be happy."

โœ“ "If she came tomorrow, I would be happy."

Second conditional์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—๋Š” past simple์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”

โœ— "If I was rich, I will travel the world."

โœ“ "If I was rich, I would travel the world."

Second conditional์„ 'will'๊ณผ ์„ž์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” - 'would'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”

โœ— "If I have time, I would help you."

โœ“ "If I had time, I would help you."

๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—๋Š” past simple (had)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , present simple (have)์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”

์ •์ค‘ํ•จ์˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„

์ง์ ‘์  (๋œ ์ •์ค‘ํ•จ):

"Can you help me?"

๋” ์ •์ค‘ํ•จ:

"Could you help me?"

๋งค์šฐ ์ •์ค‘ํ•จ:

"Would you be able to help me?"

๊ทน๋„๋กœ ์ •์ค‘ํ•จ:

"If you had a moment, would you be able to help me?"

์œ ์šฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„

์†Œ๋ง ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ:

  • If only I could speak Spanish...
  • If I could change one thing...
  • If it were possible to...
  • If I had the choice...

์กฐ์–ธํ•˜๊ธฐ:

  • If I were you, I would...
  • If you asked me, I'd suggest...
  • If you wanted my opinion...
  • If you don't mind me saying...

Would vs Could vs Might

Would (๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ™•์‹คํ•จ):

"If I won the lottery, I would buy a house." (ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์˜๋„)

Could (๋Šฅ๋ ฅ/๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ):

"If I won the lottery, I could buy a house." (๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ)

Might (๋œ ํ™•์‹คํ•จ):

"If I won the lottery, I might buy a house." (๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜)

๋น ๋ฅธ ์ฐธ์กฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ

๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”:

  • ํ˜•์„ฑ: If + past simple, would + ๋™์‚ฌ ์›ํ˜•
  • ๋ชฉ์ : ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ , ๊ฐ€์ƒ์ , ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ
  • ํ™•๋ฅ : 50% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ - ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ
  • ์‹œ์ œ: ๋ณดํ†ต ํ˜„์žฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ (๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ )
  • ์ •์ค‘ํ•จ: ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋” ์ •์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ฆ
  • Were vs was: 'Were'๋Š” ๊ฒฉ์‹์ฒด, 'was'๋Š” I/he/she/it์—์„œ ๋น„๊ฒฉ์‹์ฒด
  • if์ ˆ์— would ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ธˆ์ง€: 'if' ๋’ค์— ์ ˆ๋Œ€ 'would'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”
  • ๋Œ€์•ˆ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ: would ๋Œ€์‹  could, might, should

Practice Exercises

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Second Conditional | ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ