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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ

์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ฑ์„ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋ฉด์„œ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€, ์กฐ์–ธ, ์˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๊ตํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์กฐํ•ฉ์€ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต, ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์ง€์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ญ, ์™ธ๊ต์  ์–ธ์–ด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด๋‚˜ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ์ „์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ด ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์–ด์กฐ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ, ํ•„์š”์„ฑ, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๊ฐœ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ง์ ‘ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๊ถŒ๊ณ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜, ํ•™์ˆ  ์ž‘๋ฌธ, ๊ณต์‹ ๋ฌธ์„œ, ์ „๋ฌธ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์˜ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์™ธ๊ต์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๊ถŒ์œ„์™€ ๋ช…ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ •์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ, ์š”๋ น๊ณผ ๊ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์ƒํ™ฉ, ๊ณต์‹ ์ ˆ์ฐจ, ์ •์ฑ… ๋ฌธ์„œ, ์ „๋ฌธ์  ๊ถŒ๊ณ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œ์ผœ, ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์™ธ๊ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณต์‹ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ถŒ๊ณ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ๋ จ๋œ ๋ช…๋ น์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ˜•์„ฑ

๊ตฌ์กฐ

์ฃผ์–ด + ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ + be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ + (by + ํ–‰์œ„์ž)

์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํƒœ๋„/๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ/ํ•ด์•ผ/ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ ์˜ˆ์‹œ:

๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ:

You must complete the report.

์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ:

The report must be completed.

๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ:

We should review the documents.

์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ:

The documents should be reviewed.

์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ํŒจํ„ด:

  • The work must be finished today.
  • The issue should be addressed immediately.
  • The problem can be solved easily.
  • The meeting might be postponed.
  • The decision could be reconsidered.

๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•๊ณผ ์˜๋ฌธํ˜•

๊ธ์ •ํ˜•:

  • The task must be completed.
  • The documents should be signed.
  • The issue can be resolved.

๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•:

  • The task must not be delayed.
  • The documents should not be shared.
  • The issue cannot be ignored.

์˜๋ฌธํ˜•:

  • Must the task be completed today?
  • Should the documents be signed?
  • Can the issue be resolved quickly?

์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์—์„œ์˜ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ

๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ/์˜๋ฌด

Must be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ

๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์˜๋ฌด, ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ ๋˜๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ•„์š”์„ฑ

  • The report must be submitted by Friday.
  • Safety protocols must be followed at all times.
  • The error must be corrected immediately.

Have to be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ

์™ธ๋ถ€์  ์˜๋ฌด ๋˜๋Š” ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ

  • The forms have to be completed in black ink.
  • All visitors have to be registered at reception.
  • The equipment has to be tested regularly.

์กฐ์–ธ/๊ถŒ๊ณ 

Should be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ

์กฐ์–ธ, ๊ถŒ๊ณ  ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€

  • The issue should be addressed promptly.
  • The meeting should be rescheduled for next week.
  • The data should be backed up regularly.

Ought to be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ

๋„๋•์  ์˜๋ฌด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ถŒ๊ณ 

  • The decision ought to be made democratically.
  • The truth ought to be told to all stakeholders.
  • The policy ought to be reviewed annually.

๋Šฅ๋ ฅ/๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ

Can be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ

๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ๋˜๋Š” ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€

  • The problem can be solved with better planning.
  • The documents can be accessed online.
  • The meeting can be postponed if necessary.

Could be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ

๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ

  • The situation could be improved with more resources.
  • The deadline could be extended if needed.
  • The proposal could be modified to meet requirements.

๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ/์ถ”์ธก

May be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ

๊ณต์‹์  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋˜๋Š” ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€

  • The proposal may be reconsidered by the committee.
  • Additional funding may be allocated next quarter.
  • The regulations may be updated following the review.

Might be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ

๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ

  • The decision might be announced next week.
  • The project might be delayed due to budget cuts.
  • The event might be cancelled because of weather.

ํ”ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜

โŒ "The work must done immediately."

โœ… "The work must be done immediately."

์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์—์„œ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— 'be'๋ฅผ ๋นผ๋จน์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”

โŒ "The documents should to be signed."

โœ… "The documents should be signed."

์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—๋Š” 'to be'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ 'be'๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค

โŒ "The problem can be solve easily."

โœ… "The problem can be solved easily."

'be' ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์›ํ˜•์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”

โŒ "The task must be do from John."

โœ… "The task must be done by John."

ํ–‰์œ„์ž์—๋Š” 'by'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”

์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋„์™€ ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์ˆ˜์ค€

Must be done๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•ํ•จ - ๋ฒ•์ /๊ณต์‹์  ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ
Have to be done๊ฐ•ํ•จ - ์™ธ๋ถ€์  ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ
Should be done์ค‘๊ฐ„ - ์กฐ์–ธ/๊ถŒ๊ณ 
Could be done์•ฝํ•จ - ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆ
Might be done๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ฝํ•จ - ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๋งŒ

๋งฅ๋ฝ๋ณ„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•

๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์ž‘๋ฌธ:

  • The proposal should be reviewed by the board
  • All contracts must be approved by legal
  • The deadline could be extended if necessary
  • Additional funding might be required

ํ•™์ˆ ์  ์ž‘๋ฌธ:

  • The methodology should be described clearly
  • Ethical approval must be obtained first
  • The results could be interpreted differently
  • Further research might be needed

๋น ๋ฅธ ์ฐธ์กฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ

๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”:

  • ํ˜•์„ฑ: modal + be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ
  • ์ดˆ์ : ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ์ง€/ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€/ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
  • ์–ด์กฐ: ์ „๋ฌธ์ , ์™ธ๊ต์ , ๊ฐ๊ด€์ 
  • ํ–‰์œ„์ž: ๋ณดํ†ต ์ƒ๋žต, 'by'์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ
  • ์˜๋ฌธํ˜•: ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™
  • ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•: ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— 'not' ์ถ”๊ฐ€ (must not be, should not be)
  • ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•: modal + have + been + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ
  • ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•: ์ง€์‹œ์‚ฌํ•ญ, ์กฐ์–ธ, ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ

์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ


Quizzes for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the question set and will publish it as soon as possible.


Downloadable PDF


PDF versions for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the materials and will make them accessible as soon as possible.

์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ | ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ