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μˆ˜λ™νƒœ μ™„μ „ κ°€μ΄λ“œ

μˆ˜λ™νƒœλŠ” μ˜μ–΄μ˜ κ°€μž₯ μ„Έλ ¨λœ 문법 ꡬ쑰 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ, ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ—μ„œ ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό λ°›λŠ” λŒ€μƒμ΄λ‚˜ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 일둜 μ΄ˆμ μ„ μ΄λ™μ‹œν‚¬ 수 있게 ν•΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€. λŠ₯λ™λ¬Έμ˜ λͺ©μ μ–΄λ₯Ό μˆ˜λ™λ¬Έμ˜ μ£Όμ–΄λ‘œ λ³€ν™˜ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨, 이 κ΅¬μ‘°λŠ” 강쑰점을 λ°”κΎΈκ³ , 격식 μžˆλŠ” μ–΄μ‘°λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€λ©°, λͺ¨λ“  μ˜μ–΄ μˆ™λ ¨λ„ μˆ˜μ€€μ—μ„œ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅ μš”κ΅¬λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 외ꡐ적인 μ–Έμ–΄λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λͺ¨λ“  μ‹œμ œμ—μ„œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ©΄ 더 μ„Έλ ¨λ˜κ³ , 격식 있고, μ •ν™•ν•œ μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅μ΄ κ°€λŠ₯ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œμ˜ κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ μ„€λͺ…λΆ€ν„° λ³΅μž‘ν•œ λ―Έλž˜μ™„λ£Œμ§„ν–‰ μ‹œμ œμ˜ μ˜ˆμΈ‘κΉŒμ§€, μˆ˜λ™νƒœ κ΅¬μ‘°λŠ” 정보λ₯Ό κ°κ΄€μ μœΌλ‘œ μ œμ‹œν•˜κ³ , 직접적인 μ±…μž„ 할당을 ν”Όν•˜λ©°, ν•™μˆ μ , 전문적, 곡식적 λ§₯λ½μ—μ„œ μš”κ΅¬λ˜λŠ” 격식 μžˆλŠ” μ–Έμ–΄ μˆ˜μ€€μ„ λ§Œλ“€ 수 있게 ν•΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.

μˆ˜λ™νƒœλŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ ν•„μˆ˜μ μΈ κΈ°λŠ₯을 μˆ˜ν–‰ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€: ν–‰μœ„μžλ³΄λ‹€ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό κ°•μ‘°ν•˜κΈ°, 격식 μžˆλŠ” κΈ€μ“°κΈ°μ—μ„œ 객관적인 μ–΄μ‘° μœ μ§€ν•˜κΈ°, 정보λ₯Ό μ™Έκ΅μ μœΌλ‘œ μ œμ‹œν•˜κΈ°, μ‚¬λžŒλ³΄λ‹€ 과정에 초점 λ§žμΆ”κΈ°, λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰에 λ‹€μ–‘μ„± λ§Œλ“€κΈ°. 각 μ‹œμ œλŠ” μˆ˜λ™μ  μ΄ˆμ μ„ μœ μ§€ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ μ‹œκ°„ 관계λ₯Ό ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” κ³ μœ ν•œ κΈ°λŠ₯을 μ œκ³΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λͺ¨λ“  μ‹œμ œμ—μ„œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό λ§ˆμŠ€ν„°ν•˜λŠ” 것은 κ³ κΈ‰ μ˜μ–΄ μˆ™λ ¨λ„λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λ©°, μ„Έλ ¨λœ ν•™μˆ  λ…Όλ¬Έ, μ „λ¬Έ λ³΄κ³ μ„œ, 격식 μžˆλŠ” μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅, λ³΅μž‘ν•œ 뢄석 λ¬Έμ„œλ₯Ό μž‘μ„±ν•  수 있게 ν•˜λ©°, μ˜μ–΄μ˜ κ°€μž₯ 격식 있고 객관적인 문법 ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό μ™„μ „νžˆ ꡬ사할 수 μžˆμŒμ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.

μˆ˜λ™νƒœ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ°

κΈ°λ³Έ κ°œλ…

λŠ₯λ™νƒœ:

μ£Όμ–΄ + 동사 + λͺ©μ μ–΄

초점: λˆ„κ°€ ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ”κ°€

  • The chef cooks the meal.
  • Scientists discovered the planet.
  • The team will complete the project.

μˆ˜λ™νƒœ:

μ£Όμ–΄ + be + 과거뢄사 (+ by ν–‰μœ„μž)

초점: 무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ”κ°€/ν–‰μœ„λ₯Ό λ°›λŠ”κ°€

  • The meal is cooked (by the chef).
  • The planet was discovered (by scientists).
  • The project will be completed (by the team).

λͺ¨λ“  μ‹œμ œμ˜ ν˜•μ„± νŒ¨ν„΄

λͺ¨λ“  μ‹œμ œμ˜ ν˜•μ„± νŒ¨ν„΄

μ‹œμ œμˆ˜λ™νƒœ ν˜•μ„±μ˜ˆμ‹œ
ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œam/is/are + 과거뢄사The letter is written
ν˜„μž¬μ§„ν–‰ μ‹œμ œam/is/are + being + 과거뢄사The letter is being written
ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œhas/have + been + 과거뢄사The letter has been written
κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œwas/were + 과거뢄사The letter was written
과거진행 μ‹œμ œwas/were + being + 과거뢄사The letter was being written
κ³Όκ±°μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œhad + been + 과거뢄사The letter had been written
미래 μ‹œμ œwill + be + 과거뢄사The letter will be written
λ―Έλž˜μ§„ν–‰ μ‹œμ œwill + be + being + 과거뢄사The letter will be being written
λ―Έλž˜μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œwill + have + been + 과거뢄사The letter will have been written
λ―Έλž˜μ™„λ£Œμ§„ν–‰ μ‹œμ œwill + have + been + being + 과거뢄사The letter will have been being written

μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  λ•Œ

ν”ν•œ μ‹€μˆ˜

ν”ν•œ μ‹€μˆ˜

'be' 동사 빠뜨리기:

βœ— "The letter written yesterday."

βœ“ "The letter was written yesterday."

βœ— "The house building now."

βœ“ "The house is being built now."

잘λͺ»λœ 과거뢄사 ν˜•νƒœ μ‚¬μš©:

βœ— "The book was wrote in 2010."

βœ“ "The book was written in 2010."

βœ— "The car has been stole."

βœ“ "The car has been stolen."

μˆ˜λ™νƒœ κ³Όλ‹€ μ‚¬μš©:

βœ— "The door was opened by me, the lights were turned on by me, and my coat was hung up by me."

βœ“ "I opened the door, turned on the lights, and hung up my coat."

μ°Έκ³ : λŠ₯λ™νƒœκ°€ κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ 개인적 ν–‰μœ„μ—λŠ” 더 λͺ…ν™•ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

잘λͺ»λœ μ‹œμ œ 일치:

βœ— "The report is being written yesterday."

βœ“ "The report was being written yesterday."

βœ— "The project will been completed."

βœ“ "The project will be completed."

μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ˜ 의문문과 λΆ€μ •λ¬Έ

μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ˜ 의문문

ꡬ쑰: Be/쑰동사 + μ£Όμ–΄ + 과거뢄사?

μ˜ˆμ‹œ:

  • Is the house being renovated? (ν˜„μž¬μ§„ν–‰ μ‹œμ œ)
  • Was the package delivered? (κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œ)
  • Has the decision been made? (ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œ)
  • Will the project be completed on time? (미래 μ‹œμ œ)

μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ˜ λΆ€μ •λ¬Έ

ꡬ쑰: μ£Όμ–΄ + be/쑰동사 + not + 과거뢄사

μ˜ˆμ‹œ:

  • The email was not sent. (κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œ)
  • The report has not been finished. (ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œ)
  • The meeting will not be held. (미래 μ‹œμ œ)
  • The decision had not been made. (κ³Όκ±°μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œ)

격식체와 비격식체 μ‚¬μš©

격식 μžˆλŠ” λ§₯락 (μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό 더 많이 μ‚¬μš©):

  • ν•™μˆ  κΈ€μ“°κΈ°: "The hypothesis was tested extensively"
  • λΉ„μ¦ˆλ‹ˆμŠ€ λ³΄κ³ μ„œ: "Profits have been increased by 15%"
  • κ³Όν•™ λ…Όλ¬Έ: "The sample was analysed using advanced methods"
  • λ‰΄μŠ€ 보도: "Three suspects were arrested yesterday"
  • 곡식 λ¬Έμ„œ: "New policies will be implemented next month"

비격식 λ§₯락 (λŠ₯λ™νƒœλ₯Ό 더 많이 μ‚¬μš©):

  • 개인적 λŒ€ν™”: "I finished my homework"
  • μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κΈ°: "She opened the door and saw..."
  • μ§€μ‹œμ‚¬ν•­: "Turn left at the traffic lights"
  • μΉœκ΅¬μ—κ²Œ λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” 이메일: "We completed the project yesterday"
  • 개인적 μ„œμˆ : "I learned a lot from that experience"

μˆ˜λ™νƒœ λ§ˆμŠ€ν„°λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ μ „λž΅

단계별 접근법:

  1. λ¨Όμ € ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό λ§ˆμŠ€ν„°ν•˜κΈ°
  2. 과거뢄사λ₯Ό μ²΄κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 배우기
  3. λŠ₯λ™νƒœμ—μ„œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ‘œ λ³€ν™˜ μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜κΈ°
  4. μ–Έμ œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μ–Έμ œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ 말아야 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€μ— μ§‘μ€‘ν•˜κΈ°
  5. 격식 μžˆλŠ” ν…μŠ€νŠΈ μ˜ˆμ‹œ κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜κΈ°
  6. μ μ§„μ μœΌλ‘œ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ‹œμ œλ‘œ λ‚˜μ•„κ°€κΈ°

일반적인 ν•™μŠ΅ 팁:

  • ν•™μˆ  기사와 λ‰΄μŠ€ 기사λ₯Ό μ •κΈ°μ μœΌλ‘œ 읽기
  • 격식 μžˆλŠ” ν…μŠ€νŠΈμ—μ„œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœ μ£Όλͺ©ν•˜κΈ°
  • λ¬Έμž₯을 μ–‘λ°©ν–₯으둜 λ³€ν™˜ν•˜λŠ” μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜κΈ°
  • μ˜λ―Έμ™€ κ°•μ‘°μ˜ 변화에 μ§‘μ€‘ν•˜κΈ°
  • λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ 과거뢄사λ₯Ό μ•”κΈ°ν•˜κΈ°
  • 격식 μžˆλŠ” κΈ€μ“°κΈ° κ³Όμ œμ—μ„œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°

μ—°μŠ΅ 문제


Quizzes for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the question set and will publish it as soon as possible.


Downloadable PDF


PDF versions for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the materials and will make them accessible as soon as possible.

μˆ˜λ™νƒœ μ™„μ „ κ°€μ΄λ“œ | 문법 κ°€μ΄λ“œ