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과거완료형

과거완료형은 한 행동이 과거의 다른 행동보다 먼저 일어났음을 보여주기 위해 사용됩니다. 과거 사건들의 명확한 순서를 확립하는 데 도움이 됩니다.

과거완료형은 had + 과거분사로 구성됩니다. 모든 주어(I, you, he, she, it, we, they)에 동일한 형태를 사용합니다.

형성

긍정형

과거완료형을 had + 과거분사로 구성합니다. 축약형（'d）은 일상 영어에서 흔합니다.

완전형축약형
I had finished my homeworkI'd finished my homework
You had visited ParisYou'd visited Paris
He had already leftHe'd already left
She had cooked dinnerShe'd cooked dinner
It had rained all nightIt'd rained all night
We had seen that film beforeWe'd seen that film before
They had studied English for yearsThey'd studied English for years

부정형

'had' 다음에 'not'을 추가하여 부정형을 만듭니다. 축약형 'hadn't'가 일반적으로 사용됩니다.

완전형축약형
I had not finished my homeworkI hadn't finished my homework
You had not visited ParisYou hadn't visited Paris
He had not left yetHe hadn't left yet
She had not cooked dinnerShe hadn't cooked dinner
It had not rained all nightIt hadn't rained all night
We had not seen that film beforeWe hadn't seen that film before
They had not studied English for yearsThey hadn't studied English for years

예/아니오 질문

'had'를 주어 앞에 놓아 질문을 만듭니다.

예문:

  • Had I finished my homework before dinner?
  • Had you visited Paris before 2020?
  • Had he already left when you arrived?
  • Had she cooked dinner before the guests came?
  • Had it rained before we left?
  • Had we seen that film before?
  • Had they studied English before moving here?

의문사 질문

의문사로 시작한 다음 had + 주어 + 과거분사를 사용합니다.

예문:

  • What had I done before dinner?
  • Where had you visited last summer?
  • Why had he left early?
  • Who had she invited to the party?
  • When had it rained?
  • What had we seen before?
  • How long had they studied English?

용법


연습 문제


Quizzes for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the question set and will publish it as soon as possible.


Downloadable PDF


PDF versions for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the materials and will make them accessible as soon as possible.

관련 레슨

Past Perfect Continuous

Learn how to describe ongoing past actions that happened before another past event.

Past Perfect or Past Simple

Learn how to show which past action happened first.

Past Perfect Simple or Past Perfect Continuous

Learn when to show duration in the past and when to show completed earlier actions.

과거완료형 | 영문법 가이드