현재완료형
현재완료형은 과거와 현재를 연결하는 데 사용됩니다. have / has + 과거분사로 형성됩니다. 대부분의 동사에 대해 과거분사는 과거형과 같습니다(예: play → played).
일부 동사는 철자가 변합니다(예: study → studied), 많은 동사는 불규칙합니다(예: go → gone, write → written). 불규칙 동사의 완전한 목록은 아래의 관련 레슨에서 찾을 수 있습니다.
현재완료형 형성 방법
긍정형
긍정형을 만들려면 have / has + 과거분사를 사용합니다.
| 완전형 | 축약형 |
|---|---|
| I have played | I've played |
| You have worked | You've worked |
| He has written | He's written |
| She has walked | She's walked |
| It has rained | It's rained |
| We have travelled | We've travelled |
| They have studied | They've studied |
부정형
부정형을 만들려면 have 또는 has 뒤에 not을 추가합니다.
| 완전형 | 축약형 |
|---|---|
| I have not eaten breakfast today | I haven't eaten |
| You have not been to Asia | You haven't been |
| He has not seen the new film | He hasn't seen |
| She has not played tennis | She hasn't played |
| It has not snowed this winter | It hasn't snowed |
| We have not slept all night | We haven't slept |
| They have not tried the food | They haven't tried |
예/아니오 질문
질문을 만들려면 주어 앞에 have / has를 놓습니다.
예문:
- Have I missed the bus?
- Have you visited London?
- Has he worked as a waiter before?
- Has she met John?
- Has it been cold this week?
- Have we arrived too early?
- Have they studied English grammar before?
의문사 질문
의문사 질문의 경우, 질문사를 have / has 앞에 놓습니다.
예문:
- Where have I left my umbrella?
- What have you done today?
- Why has he gone already?
- Where has she been in the UK?
- Why has it rained so much this summer?
- What have we done?
- Where have they learned English before?
현재완료형을 언제 사용하나요?
용법에 중점을 두세요: 현재완료형을 사용하는 방법
연습 문제
Quizzes for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the question set and will publish it as soon as possible.
Downloadable PDF
PDF versions for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the materials and will make them accessible as soon as possible.
관련 레슨
Present Perfect Continuous
Learn how to describe ongoing actions that started in the past and continue now.
Present Perfect or Past Simple
See when to talk about life experience vs completed actions.
Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Continuous
Learn when to focus on results and when to focus on ongoing activity.