과거형
Go to Practice Exercises과거형은 과거에 완료된 행동과 상황에 대해 말할 때 사용됩니다. 영어에서 가장 흔하게 사용되는 시제 중 하나입니다.
과거형은 'be' 동사를 사용하는지 다른 동사를 사용하는지에 따라 다른 형태를 가집니다. 'be' 동사는 두 가지 과거형(was/were)을 가지며, 다른 동사는 규칙적 과거형(-ed로 끝남) 또는 불규칙적 과거형을 사용합니다.
형성
'be'를 사용한 긍정형
'be' 동사는 과거형에서 두 가지 형태를 가집니다: 'was'(I, he, she, it의 경우)와 'were'(you, we, they의 경우).
| 주어 | 'be' 동사 |
|---|---|
| I | was happy yesterday |
| You | were at home last night |
| He/She/It | was tired after work |
| We | were students in 2020 |
| You (plural) | were late for the meeting |
| They | were friends at university |
| The film | was excellent |
'be'를 사용한 부정형
'be'를 사용한 부정문을 만들려면 was/were 다음에 'not'을 추가합니다. 축약형은 일상 영어에서 흔히 사용됩니다.
| 완전형 | 축약형 |
|---|---|
| I was not there | I wasn't there |
| You were not ready | You weren't ready |
| He was not happy | He wasn't happy |
| She was not at the party | She wasn't at the party |
| It was not difficult | It wasn't difficult |
| We were not colleagues | We weren't colleagues |
| They were not pleased | They weren't pleased |
'be'를 사용한 예/아니오 질문
'be'를 사용한 질문을 만들려면 was/were을 주어 앞에 놓습니다.
예문:
- Was I late for the meeting?
- Were you at the concert last night?
- Was he angry about the decision?
- Was she your teacher?
- Was it expensive?
- Were we on the same team?
- Were they at home yesterday?
'be'를 사용한 의문사 질문
의문사 질문은 의문사(who, what, where, when, why, how)로 시작하고, 그 다음에 was/were과 주어가 옵니다.
예문:
- Where was I when you called?
- Why were you absent yesterday?
- Who was he with at the restaurant?
- How was she after the operation?
- What was it like in London?
- When were we supposed to meet?
- Where were they last weekend?
다른 동사를 사용한 긍정형
다른 동사의 경우 과거형을 사용합니다. 규칙 동사는 -ed를 추가하고, 불규칙 동사는 특별한 과거형을 가집니다.
| 부정사 | 과거형 |
|---|---|
| work | I worked late last night |
| play | You played football yesterday |
| go | He went to Paris last week |
| eat | She ate breakfast at 7 o'clock |
| finish | We finished the project on Friday |
| buy | They bought a new car |
| see | I saw that film last month |
다른 동사를 사용한 부정형
부정문을 만들려면 'did not'(didn't) + 동사 원형을 사용합니다.
| 완전형 | 축약형 |
|---|---|
| I did not work yesterday | I didn't work yesterday |
| You did not call me | You didn't call me |
| He did not go to school | He didn't go to school |
| She did not eat lunch | She didn't eat lunch |
| It did not rain | It didn't rain |
| We did not finish on time | We didn't finish on time |
| They did not like the food | They didn't like the food |
다른 동사를 사용한 예/아니오 질문
질문을 만들려면 'Did' + 주어 + 동사 원형을 사용합니다.
예문:
- Did I leave my keys here?
- Did you enjoy the film?
- Did he pass the exam?
- Did she call you yesterday?
- Did it work properly?
- Did we meet last year?
- Did they arrive on time?
다른 동사를 사용한 의문사 질문
의문사로 시작한 다음 'did' + 주어 + 동사 원형을 사용합니다.
예문:
- Where did I put my phone?
- When did you move to London?
- Why did he leave early?
- What did she say?
- How did it happen?
- Who did we invite to the party?
- Where did they go on holiday?
용법
연습 문제
Download a printable quiz for offline practice. Each PDF is generated individually from our question bank, ensuring a new set of questions for every attempt.
Downloadable PDF
Download a printable quiz for offline practice. Each PDF is generated individually from our question bank, ensuring a new set of questions for every attempt.