Present Perfect Simple
Present Perfect Simple используется для связи прошлого с настоящим. Мы образуем его с помощью have / has + причастие прошедшего времени. Для большинства глаголов причастие прошедшего времени совпадает с формой Past Simple (например, play → played).
Некоторые глаголы изменяют написание (например, study → studied), а многие являются неправильными (например, go → gone, write → written). Полный список неправильных глаголов можно найти в связанных уроках ниже.
Как Образуется Present Perfect Simple
Утвердительные Предложения
Для утверждения используйте have / has + причастие прошедшего времени.
| Полная Форма | Краткая Форма |
|---|---|
| I have played | I've played |
| You have worked | You've worked |
| He has written | He's written |
| She has walked | She's walked |
| It has rained | It's rained |
| We have travelled | We've travelled |
| They have studied | They've studied |
Отрицательные Предложения
Для отрицания добавьте not после have или has.
| Полная Форма | Краткая Форма |
|---|---|
| I have not eaten breakfast today | I haven't eaten |
| You have not been to Asia | You haven't been |
| He has not seen the new film | He hasn't seen |
| She has not played tennis | She hasn't played |
| It has not snowed this winter | It hasn't snowed |
| We have not slept all night | We haven't slept |
| They have not tried the food | They haven't tried |
Вопросы Да/Нет
Для вопроса поместите have / has перед подлежащим.
Примеры:
- Have I missed the bus?
- Have you visited London?
- Has he worked as a waiter before?
- Has she met John?
- Has it been cold this week?
- Have we arrived too early?
- Have they studied English grammar before?
Вопросы с Wh-
Для вопросов с wh- поместите вопросительное слово перед have / has.
Примеры:
- Where have I left my umbrella?
- What have you done today?
- Why has he gone already?
- Where has she been in the UK?
- Why has it rained so much this summer?
- What have we done?
- Where have they learned English before?
Когда Мы Используем Present Perfect Simple?
Сосредоточьтесь на использовании: как использовать Present Perfect Simple
Практические Упражнения
Quizzes for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the question set and will publish it as soon as possible.
Downloadable PDF
PDF versions for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the materials and will make them accessible as soon as possible.
Связанные Уроки
Present Perfect Continuous
Learn how to describe ongoing actions that started in the past and continue now.
Present Perfect or Past Simple
See when to talk about life experience vs completed actions.
Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Continuous
Learn when to focus on results and when to focus on ongoing activity.