Present Simple avec 'be'
Le verbe 'be' est particulier en anglais. Contrairement aux autres verbes, il change complètement au Present Simple. Il a trois formes : am, is et are.
Une fois que vous maîtriserez 'be', vous serez prêt à apprendre les autres verbes au Present Simple.
Comment former le Present Simple avec 'be' ?
Phrases affirmatives
Le verbe 'be' a trois formes au Present Simple : am, is, are. La forme utilisée dépend du sujet.
| Sujet | Forme complète | Forme contractée |
|---|---|---|
| I | I am | I'm |
| you | you are | you're |
| he / she / it | he is / she is / it is | he's / she's / it's |
| we | we are | we're |
| they | they are | they're |
Exemples :
- I am a teacher.
- She is from Germany.
- They are happy.
- We're students.
- It's cold today.
Phrases négatives
Pour former la négation, ajoutez 'not' après le verbe. Pour la plupart des sujets, il existe deux formes contractées.
| Sujet | Forme complète | Forme contractée |
|---|---|---|
| I | I am not | I'm not |
| you | you are not | you aren't / you're not |
| he / she / it | he is not / she is not / it is not | he isn't / she isn't / it isn't |
| we | we are not | we aren't / we're not |
| they | they are not | they aren't / they're not |
Exemples :
- I'm not tired.
- He isn't at home.
- They aren't ready.
- We're not late.
- It isn't expensive.
Questions
Pour les questions, placez am / is / are avant le sujet.
| am/is/are | Sujet | Reste de la phrase |
|---|---|---|
| Am | I | late? |
| Are | you | ready? |
| Is | he / she / it | here? |
| Are | we | on time? |
| Are | they | students? |
Exemples :
- Are you OK?
- Is she from Spain?
- Are they at school?
- Am I right?
- Is it difficult?
RĂ©ponses courtes
Dans les réponses courtes, on utilise 'Yes, [sujet] + am/is/are' ou 'No, [sujet] + am not/isn't/aren't'. On n'utilise pas les formes contractées dans les réponses courtes affirmatives.
- Are you ready? – Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
- Is he here? – Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.
- Are they students? – Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
Questions avec Wh-
Ajoutez un mot interrogatif (who, what, where, when, why, how) au début de la question.
| Mot interrogatif | am/is/are | Sujet | Reste |
|---|---|---|---|
| Where | are | you | from? |
| What | is | your name | ? |
| Who | is | that | ? |
| Why | are | they | late? |
| How | is | she | ? |
Exemples :
- Where are you from?
- What is your name?
- Who is that man?
- Why are they angry?
- How old is your brother?
Quand utilise-t-on 'be' au Present Simple ?
Exercices pratiques
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