過去完了進行形（Past Perfect Progressive）
過去完了進行形は、過去のある行動が別の行動や時間の前に進行していたことを表します。より早い活動の継続期間や連続性を強調します。
過去完了進行形はhad been + 動詞の-ing形で構成されます。すべての主語（I, you, he, she, it, we, they）に同じ形を使います。
作り方
肯定文
過去完了進行形をhad been + 動詞-ingで作ります。短縮形（'d）は話し言葉では一般的です。
| 完全形 | 短縮形 |
|---|---|
| I had been reading for an hour | I'd been reading for an hour |
| You had been walking in the park | You'd been walking in the park |
| He had been cooking dinner | He'd been cooking dinner |
| She had been talking on the phone | She'd been talking on the phone |
| It had been raining all morning | It'd been raining all morning |
| We had been playing football | We'd been playing football |
| They had been studying English for years | They'd been studying English for years |
否定文
'had'の後に'not'を加えて否定文を作ります。短縮形'hadn't'がよく使われます。
| 完全形 | 短縮形 |
|---|---|
| I had not been reading for long | I hadn't been reading for long |
| You had not been walking in the park | You hadn't been walking in the park |
| He had not been cooking dinner | He hadn't been cooking dinner |
| She had not been talking on the phone | She hadn't been talking on the phone |
| It had not been raining all morning | It hadn't been raining all morning |
| We had not been playing football | We hadn't been playing football |
| They had not been studying English for years | They hadn't been studying English for years |
はい/いいえの質問
'had'を主語の前に置いて質問を形成します。
例文：
- Had I been reading before you arrived?
- Had you been walking in the park earlier?
- Had he been cooking when the guests arrived?
- Had she been talking on the phone for long?
- Had it been raining all morning?
- Had we been playing football before it started raining?
- Had they been studying English for years before moving?
疑問詞の質問
疑問詞で始めてから、had + 主語 + been + 動詞-ingを使います。
例文：
- What had I been doing before you called?
- Where had you been walking?
- Why had he been cooking for so long?
- Who had she been talking to?
- How long had it been raining?
- What had we been playing before the rain?
- How long had they been studying English?
使い方
注意：状態動詞（know、like、believe、wantなど）は通常、進行形では使われません。これらは行動ではなく状態を説明します。
状態動詞についてさらに学ぶ練習問題
Quizzes for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the question set and will publish it as soon as possible.
Downloadable PDF
PDF versions for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the materials and will make them accessible as soon as possible.
関連レッスン
Past Perfect Simple
Learn how to show which past action happened first using had + past participle.
How To Use Past Perfect Continuous
See how to express the duration of actions using had been + ing.
Past Perfect or Past Simple
Learn how to show which past action happened first.
Past Perfect Simple or Past Perfect Continuous
Learn when to show duration in the past and when to show completed earlier actions.