과거완료진행형（Past Perfect Progressive）
과거완료진행형은 과거의 특정 시점 이전에 진행 중이던 행동을 나타냅니다. 더 이른 활동의 지속 기간 또는 연속성을 강조합니다.
과거완료진행형은 had been + 동사의 -ing형으로 구성됩니다. 모든 주어(I, you, he, she, it, we, they)에 동일한 형태를 사용합니다.
형성
긍정형
과거완료진행형을 had been + 동사-ing으로 구성합니다. 축약형（'d）은 일상 영어에서 흔합니다.
| 완전형 | 축약형 |
|---|---|
| I had been reading for an hour | I'd been reading for an hour |
| You had been walking in the park | You'd been walking in the park |
| He had been cooking dinner | He'd been cooking dinner |
| She had been talking on the phone | She'd been talking on the phone |
| It had been raining all morning | It'd been raining all morning |
| We had been playing football | We'd been playing football |
| They had been studying English for years | They'd been studying English for years |
부정형
'had' 다음에 'not'을 추가하여 부정형을 만듭니다. 축약형 'hadn't'가 일반적으로 사용됩니다.
| 완전형 | 축약형 |
|---|---|
| I had not been reading for long | I hadn't been reading for long |
| You had not been walking in the park | You hadn't been walking in the park |
| He had not been cooking dinner | He hadn't been cooking dinner |
| She had not been talking on the phone | She hadn't been talking on the phone |
| It had not been raining all morning | It hadn't been raining all morning |
| We had not been playing football | We hadn't been playing football |
| They had not been studying English for years | They hadn't been studying English for years |
예/아니오 질문
'had'를 주어 앞에 놓아 질문을 만듭니다.
예문:
- Had I been reading before you arrived?
- Had you been walking in the park earlier?
- Had he been cooking when the guests arrived?
- Had she been talking on the phone for long?
- Had it been raining all morning?
- Had we been playing football before it started raining?
- Had they been studying English for years before moving?
의문사 질문
의문사로 시작한 다음 had + 주어 + been + 동사-ing을 사용합니다.
예문:
- What had I been doing before you called?
- Where had you been walking?
- Why had he been cooking for so long?
- Who had she been talking to?
- How long had it been raining?
- What had we been playing before the rain?
- How long had they been studying English?
용법
참고：상태 동사（know, like, believe, want 등）는 일반적으로 진행형으로 사용되지 않습니다. 이들은 행동이 아닌 상태를 나타냅니다.
상태 동사에 대해 자세히 알아보세요연습 문제
Quizzes for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the question set and will publish it as soon as possible.
Downloadable PDF
PDF versions for this lesson will be available soon. We are currently preparing the materials and will make them accessible as soon as possible.
관련 레슨
Past Perfect Simple
Learn how to show which past action happened first using had + past participle.
How To Use Past Perfect Continuous
See how to express the duration of actions using had been + ing.
Past Perfect or Past Simple
Learn how to show which past action happened first.
Past Perfect Simple or Past Perfect Continuous
Learn when to show duration in the past and when to show completed earlier actions.